Do you suspect that your water heater element might be malfunctioning? If so, it’s important to test it as soon as possible to ensure that you have hot water. After all, no one wants to take a cold shower, especially during the winter months. The good news is that testing a water heater element is a relatively simple process that can be completed in just a few minutes. In this paragraph, we will provide you with step-by-step instructions on how to test a water heater element. Before you begin, however, it’s important to gather a few safety precautions. First, make sure that the power to the water heater is turned off. Second, allow the water heater to cool down completely before you start working on it. Finally, wear gloves and safety glasses to protect yourself from any potential hazards.
Once you have gathered your safety gear and turned off the power to the water heater, you can begin testing the element. Then, remove the access panel to the water heater element. This panel is typically located at the bottom of the water heater. Once you have removed the access panel, you will be able to see the water heater element. The element is a metal coil that is located at the bottom of the water heater tank. Next, set your multimeter to the ohms setting. Touch one probe of the multimeter to one of the terminals on the water heater element. Touch the other probe of the multimeter to the other terminal on the water heater element. If the multimeter reads infinity, then the element is bad and needs to be replaced.
Finally, if the multimeter reads a resistance value, then the element is good. The resistance value should be between 10 and 20 ohms. If the resistance value is outside of this range, then the element needs to be replaced. Once you have tested the element, you can replace the access panel and turn the power back on to the water heater. If you are not comfortable testing the water heater element yourself, you can always call a licensed electrician to do it for you. However, testing the element yourself is a relatively simple process that can save you money and time.
Verifying Power Supply
Ensuring a stable power supply is crucial before testing a water heater element. Here’s a detailed guide to verify if the power is flowing correctly:
1. Safety Precautions:
- Turn off the power to the water heater from the circuit breaker panel.
- Wait a few minutes for any residual electricity to dissipate.
| Required Tools | Description |
|---|---|
| Multimeter | A device used to measure voltage, current, and resistance |
| Non-Contact Voltage Tester | A tool that detects the presence of voltage without direct contact |
2. Checking for Voltage:
- Set the multimeter to the AC voltage setting and connect the probes to the terminals on the water heater element.
- Ensure the circuit breaker to the water heater is ON.
- Read the multimeter display. If it shows around 120-240 volts, depending on your electrical system, the voltage is present.
3. Testing for Continuity:
- Set the multimeter to the Ohms setting.
- Connect the probes to the terminals of the water heater element.
- A reading of near zero indicates continuity, meaning there is a complete electrical circuit and the element is intact.
- A reading of infinity or “OL” (over limit) indicates a break in the circuit, and the element may need to be replaced.
Isolating the Water Heater
Before proceeding with testing the water heater element, it is crucial to isolate the water heater from both the power source and the water supply. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Shutting Off the Power
- Identify the electrical panel that supplies power to the water heater. It is usually located in a basement, garage, or utility room.
- Flip the circuit breaker or remove the fuse associated with the water heater.
- Use a non-contact voltage tester to confirm that the power has been successfully isolated.
Disconnecting the Water Supply
- Locate the water shut-off valve on the cold water inlet pipe of the water heater.
- Turn the valve clockwise to close it fully.
- Open a hot water faucet anywhere in the house to release pressure from the water lines.
Draining the Water Tank
- Attach a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the water heater.
- Open the valve and direct the hose to a nearby drain or sink.
- Allow the water to drain completely. This may take several minutes.
Disconnecting Power and Water
Before beginning any work on your water heater, it is crucial to ensure the safety of yourself and your appliance. Follow these steps to safely disconnect power and water from your water heater:
1. Disconnect the Power
**Electric Water Heaters:** Turn off the circuit breaker or fuse that supplies power to the water heater.
**Gas Water Heaters:** Turn off the gas supply valve located near the bottom of the water heater.
2. Drain the Water
Connect a garden hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the water heater. Open the valve and drain the water into a bucket or drain until the water level drops below the heating element.
3. Remove the Access Panel
Locate the access panel on the front or side of the water heater. Remove the screws holding the panel in place and carefully lift it off. If you encounter any resistance, check for additional screws or clips that may be holding the panel in place.
**Note:** If the water heater is still hot, use caution and wear gloves to avoid burns. Wait for the water heater to cool down before proceeding.
| Water Heater Type | Location of Access Panel |
|---|---|
| Electric | Front or side |
| Gas | Side |
Checking for Continuity
To check for continuity in a water heater element, follow these steps:
- Turn off the power to the water heater at the circuit breaker or fuse box.
- Remove the front access panel to expose the heating element.
- Locate the two terminals on the heating element.
- Set your multimeter to the resistance setting.
| Resistance Reading | Element Condition |
|---|---|
| 0 ohms | Good element |
| Infinite ohms | Bad element |
| Variable reading | Possible bad element or loose connection |
- Touch one probe of the multimeter to each terminal on the heating element.
- Read the resistance value on the multimeter display.
- If the resistance reading is 0 ohms, the element is good.
- If the resistance reading is infinite ohms, the element is bad and needs to be replaced.
- If the resistance reading is a variable value, there may be a loose connection or a bad element. Tighten any loose connections and retest the element. If the resistance reading remains variable, the element may need to be replaced.
Reassembling the Heater
Now that you’ve successfully tested the water heater element, it’s time to reassemble the heater. Here’s how:
1. Replace the Faceplate
Align the faceplate with the heater and press it into place until it clicks into position.
2. Screw the Faceplate
Use the screws to secure the faceplate to the heater.
3. Connect the Wires
Connect the wires to their respective terminals on the heating element. Make sure the wires are securely fastened.
4. Install the Heating Element
Gently insert the heating element into the heater tank. Ensure it sits securely in its designated location.
5. Tighten the Nuts
Use the nuts to tighten the heating element into place. Apply moderate force to create a snug fit without overtightening.
6. Replace the Insulation
Reinstall the insulation around the heating element. This helps maintain heat inside the heater.
7. Reattach the Cover
Place the heater cover over the open end of the tank and secure it using screws or bolts.
8. Detailed Steps for Reattaching the Cover:
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| a) | Locate the heater cover and ensure it is the correct size and shape for your water heater. |
| b) | Align the cover with the open end of the tank, making sure it fits snugly. |
| c) | Use the screws or bolts provided with the heater to secure the cover in place. |
| d) | Start by hand-tightening the screws or bolts until they are secure. |
| e) | Use a wrench or screwdriver to further tighten the screws or bolts, applying moderate force. |
| f) | Double-check the tightness of the screws or bolts by gently tugging on the cover. It should not move or shift. |
9. Fill the Water Heater
Open the water supply valve and allow the heater to fill with water. Wait until water starts flowing from the hot water faucet.
10. Test the Heater
Turn on the hot water faucet and check if hot water is flowing. If not, there may be an issue with the heating element or other components.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
1. Water Heater Not Heating Water
* Check if the water heater is turned on and plugged in.
* Inspect the circuit breaker or fuse. Replace if necessary.
* Test the thermostat by adjusting it to a higher temperature.
* Check the gas pilot light for ignition. Relight if needed.
* If none of these steps resolve the issue, the heating element may be faulty.
2. Water Heater Making Noise
* Loud banging noises may indicate sediment buildup. Flush the water heater.
* A humming sound could be caused by a faulty pump or pressure relief valve.
* A knocking sound may indicate loose parts within the water heater. Contact a professional.
3. Water Heater Leaking
* Check the temperature and pressure relief valve for leaks. Replace if necessary.
* Inspect the drain valve for proper sealing.
* Look for any cracks or holes in the water heater tank. Replace the tank if significant damage is found.
4. Water Heater Not Producing Enough Hot Water
* Increase the temperature setting on the thermostat.
* Flush the water heater to remove sediment buildup.
* Check the dip tube for any obstructions. Clean or replace if needed.
* If the problem persists, the heating element may be failing.
5. Water Heater Overheating
* Lower the temperature setting on the thermostat.
* Check the pressure relief valve for proper operation. Replace if necessary.
* Flush the water heater to remove sediment buildup.
* If the overheating issue remains, the heating element may be malfunctioning.
6. Water Heater Element Not Heating
* Check the thermostat for proper operation. Replace if needed.
* Inspect the electrical connections to the element. Tighten any loose wires.
* Remove the element and test it with a multimeter for continuity. Replace if no continuity exists.
* Ensure the water heater is properly grounded.
7. Water Heater Element Burning Out Frequently
* Check the water conditions for high mineral content. Soft water may be necessary.
* Flush the water heater regularly to remove sediment buildup.
* Inspect the thermostat for proper operation. Replace if necessary.
* Consider replacing the heating element with a higher-wattage model.
8. Water Heater Element Shorted
* Unplug the water heater and turn off the gas supply.
* Remove the element and test it with a multimeter for a short circuit. Replace if a short is detected.
* Check the electrical wiring for any damage or shorts.
* If the short persists, the water heater may need to be replaced.
9. Water Heater Element Overheating
* Check the thermostat for proper operation. Replace if needed.
* Inspect the electrical connections to the element. Tighten any loose wires.
* Ensure the water heater is properly scaled and free of sediment buildup.
10. Water Heater Element Ground Fault
* Unplug the water heater and turn off the gas supply.
* Test the element with a multimeter for a ground fault. Replace if a ground fault is detected.
* Check the electrical wiring for any damage or faults.
* If the ground fault persists, the water heater may need to be replaced.
How To Test A Water Heater Element
If you’re experiencing problems with your water heater, one of the first things you should check is the heating element. A faulty heating element can cause a number of issues, including:
- No hot water
- Lukewarm water
- Foul-smelling water
- Leaking water
Testing the heating element is a relatively simple process that can be done DIY. Here are the steps:
- Turn off the power to the water heater.
- Turn off the water supply to the water heater.
- Drain the water from the water heater.
- Remove the access panel to the heating element.
- Disconnect the wires from the heating element.
- Use a multimeter to test the heating element for continuity.
- If the heating element is faulty, replace it with a new one.
- Reassemble the water heater and turn on the power and water supply.
Questions People Also Ask
How do I know if my water heater element is bad?
There are a few signs that may indicate your water heater element is bad:
- No hot water
- Lukewarm water
- Foul-smelling water
- Leaking water
