Subuh prayer holds immense significance in the Islamic faith, marking the break of dawn and ushering in a new day. It is the first of the five obligatory prayers performed daily by Muslims, a sacred ritual that connects them with the divine and sets the tone for the day ahead. With its unique virtues and profound rewards, Subuh prayer has been highly emphasized in Islamic teachings, encouraging believers to seek its spiritual nourishment and blessings.
Performing Subuh prayer involves a series of specific steps and rituals that are prescribed by Islamic law. Understanding these steps and adhering to them correctly is essential for fulfilling the obligation of this prayer and reaping its full benefits. Before commencing the prayer, it is important to ensure ritual purity by performing wudu, a form of ablution that involves washing the face, arms, head, and feet. This act of purification symbolizes the cleansing of the body and soul, preparing the worshipper for the sacred act of prayer.
As the first rays of dawn illuminate the horizon, Muslims gather in mosques or private spaces to offer Subuh prayer. The prayer begins with the recitation of the Takbir, a declaration of Allah’s greatness, followed by the recitation of Surah Fatiha, the opening chapter of the Quran. Subsequent to this, additional verses from the Quran are recited, and then the worshipper performs ruku, a bowing posture, and sujud, a prostration posture. These movements represent submission to Allah’s will and a deep sense of humility and gratitude. The prayer concludes with supplications and salutations, seeking Allah’s forgiveness, guidance, and blessings.
Performing the Niyyah (Intention)
The Niyyah, or intention, is a crucial aspect of Subuh prayer that sets the stage for the spiritual connection with God. It establishes the purpose and direction of the prayer, guiding the worshipper’s actions and mindset. To perform the Niyyah correctly, follow these steps:
1. Stand Facing the Qibla
– Before starting the prayer, ensure that you are facing the Qibla, the direction of the Holy Kaaba in Mecca. This alignment symbolizes your connection to the Muslim community worldwide and represents your submission to God’s guidance.
2. Formulate the Intention
– In your heart, silently articulate your intention to perform the Subuh prayer. The Niyyah should be specific and clear, such as: “I intend to perform two rak’ahs of Subuh prayer, facing the Qibla, seeking God’s pleasure.”
3. Raise Your Hands
– Once you have formulated your intention, raise your hands to your ears, palms facing forward. This signifies your readiness to begin the prayer and your acceptance of God’s guidance.
| Niyyah Declarations |
|---|
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Raising the Hands in Takbir
The takbir is the opening declaration of the prayer, and it is recited while raising the hands to the ears. The hands should be held with the thumbs touching the earlobes, and the fingers should be spread out and pointing towards the qiblah (the direction of Mecca).
The takbir is recited as follows: “Allahu Akbar” (God is Great).
Raising the hands in takbir is a sunnah (a recommended practice) of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). It is a way of showing respect and humility to Allah, and it helps to focus the mind and prepare for the prayer.
Here is a table summarizing the steps for raising the hands in takbir:
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Stand facing the qiblah (the direction of Mecca). |
| 2 | Raise your hands to your ears, with your thumbs touching your earlobes. |
| 3 | Spread your fingers out and point them towards the qiblah. |
| 4 | Recite the takbir: “Allahu Akbar” (God is Great). |
| 5 | Lower your hands to your sides. |
Reciting the Surah Al-Fatihah
After raising your hands, recite the Surah Al-Fatihah. This is the opening chapter of the Quran and is recited in every rak’ah of every prayer. The recitation of Surah Al-Fatihah is obligatory in the Subuh prayer. Here’s a step-by-step guide to reciting it:
Before Recitation
- Maintain a standing position with your hands resting on your sides.
- Position your right hand over your left hand on your chest.
- Gaze slightly downwards.
Recitation
- Say “Bismillaahir-Rahmaanir-Raheem” (In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful).
- Then, recite the following seven verses of Surah Al-Fatihah:
| Verse | Recitation |
|---|---|
| 1 | Al-hamdu lillaahi rabbil-‘aalamiin (All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.) |
| 2 | Ar-Rahmaanir-Raheem (The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.) |
| 3 | Maaliki yawmid-deen (The Master of the Day of Judgment.) |
| 4 | Iyyaaka na’budu wa iyyaaka nasta’een (You alone do we worship and You alone do we ask for help.) |
| 5 | Ihdinass-siraatal-mustaqeem (Guide us to the straight path.) |
| 6 | Siraatal-ladheena an’amta ‘alayhim ghayril-maghdhoobi ‘alayhim walaa adh-dhallin (The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have earned Your anger nor of those who have gone astray.) |
Bowing (Ruku’)
After reciting Al-Fatihah, proceed to the bowing position (Ruku’).
1. Takbir (Saying “Allahu Akbar”)
Raise your hands up to your ears while saying “Allahu Akbar.”
2. Descending
Keeping your back straight, slowly lower your body until your hands rest on your knees.
3. Position
Keep your head in line with your spine, gaze at the spot where your nose touches the floor. Ensure that your upper body and back remain straight.
4. Glorification and Supplication
While in the Ruku’ position, glorify Allah by reciting the following phrases repeatedly:
| Arabic | Translation |
|---|---|
| Subhaana Rabbiyal Adheem | Glory be to my Lord, the Tremendous |
| Subhaana Rabbiyal Ala | Glory be to my Lord, the Most High |
You can also add additional supplications as desired.
Prostrating (Sujud)
Prostrating (sujud) is a fundamental component of the Subuh prayer. It involves bowing down in submission to Allah. Here are the steps to perform sujud:
- Lower Yourself to the Ground: Bend forward from your waist and lower yourself to the ground, placing your hands on either side of your feet.
- Place Your Forehead, Nose, and Hands on the Ground: Rest your forehead, nose, and hands flat on the ground. Your knees and toes should also be touching the ground.
- Say the Prostration Formula: Recite the prostration formula: “Subhana Rabbiyal Ala (Glorified is my Lord, the Most High).”
- Stay in Prostration: Remain in prostration for an extended period, allowing your body to relax and connect with Allah.
- Raise Your Head and Return to Sitting Position: After a while, raise your head while keeping your hands on the ground. Return to a sitting position and rest your hands on your thighs.
| Prostration Position | Description |
|---|---|
| Forehead, Nose, and Hands | Flat on the ground |
| Knees and Toes | Touching the ground |
| Arms | Hanging loosely by your sides |
Sitting Between the Two Prostrations
After performing the second prostration, sit upright on your knees with your buttocks resting on your heels. Your feet should be flat on the floor, with the toes pointing outward.
The First Tashahhud
Recite the first tashahhud, which is a declaration of faith and a blessing upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).
| Arabic | English Translation |
|---|---|
| التحيات لله والصلوات والطيبات | All compliments, prayers, and pure words are due to Allah. |
| السلام عليك أيها النبي ورحمة الله وبركاته | Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. |
| السلام علينا وعلى عباد الله الصالحين | Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. |
| أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأشهد أن محمدا عبده ورسوله | I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. |
The Second Tashahhud
After reciting the first tashahhud, sit in the same position and recite the second tashahhud, which is a supplication for forgiveness and guidance.
| Arabic | English Translation |
|---|---|
| اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد | O Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. |
| كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم | As You sent prayers upon Abraham and the family of Abraham. |
| وابعث على محمد وعلى آل محمد | And send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. |
| كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم | As You sent blessings upon Abraham and the family of Abraham. |
| في العالمين إنك حميد مجيد | In the worlds. Surely, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. |
Standing Again for the Second Raka’at
After completing the first raka’at, you will stand up again for the second raka’at. Follow these steps:
1. Stand up straight and face the Qibla.
2. Recite the following Arabic phrase: “Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem,” which means “In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.”
3. Raise your hands to your ears, with your palms facing forward, and recite the following Arabic phrase: “Allahu Akbar,” which means “Allah is the Greatest.”
4. Recite the Fatihah and any other surah of the Quran you wish.
5. Perform ruku’ by bowing down from your waist. Keep your back straight and your hands on your knees, with your fingers spread out.
6. Recite the following Arabic phrase: “Subhaana Rabbiyal Azeem,” which means “Glory to my Lord, the Magnificent.”
7. Stand up straight again and recite the following Arabic phrase: “Sami’Allaahu liman hamidah,” which means “Allah hears those who praise Him.”
8. Raise your hands to your ears, with your palms facing forward, and recite the following Arabic phrase: “Allahu Akbar,” which means “Allah is the Greatest.”
Completing the Second Raka’at
After completing the first raka’at, stand up and recite the Takbir again to begin the second raka’at.
Steps for completing the second raka’at:
1. Recite the Fatihah.
2. Recite any additional surahs, such as the Surah Al-Ikhlas.
3. Perform ruku’ (bowing).
4. Recite “Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah” while standing up from ruku’.
5. Perform sujud (prostration) twice, reciting “Subhana rabbiyal adheem” each time.
6. Sit between the two prostrations, reciting “Rabbighfirli.”
7. Rise for the third raka’at.
8. Complete the third raka’at by repeating the same steps as in the second raka’at up to “Rabbighfirli.”
Once you have completed the third raka’at, you will perform your final tashahhud and dua, concluding the Subuh prayer.
Summary of the second raka’at steps:
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Recite the Fatihah |
| 2 | Recite an additional surah |
| 3 | Perform ruku’ |
| 4 | Recite “Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah” |
| 5 | Perform two sujuds |
| 6 | Sit between the sujuds |
| 7 | Rise for the third raka’at |
Reciting the Tashahhud
Now, you are going to perform the Tashahhud. This is a supplication that you will recite while sitting down.
Position
Sit up straight on your prayer mat, facing the Qibla. Place your hands on your thighs, with your palms facing upwards.
Supplication
Recite the following supplication:
| Arabic | Pronunciation | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| At-Tahiyyatu lillahi was-salawatu wat-tayyibat | Attahiyatu lillahi was-salawatu wat-tayyibat | Peace and blessings of Allah be upon you |
| As-salamu ‘alayka ayyuhan-Nabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh | Assalamu ‘alayka ayyuhan-Nabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh | Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah |
| As-salamu ‘alayna wa ‘ala ‘ibadillahis-salihin | Assalamu ‘alayna wa ‘ala ‘ibadillahis-salihin | Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah |
Continuation
After reciting the Tashahhud, you can continue with the following additional supplications:
- Pray for forgiveness
- Seek refuge with Allah from the punishment of the Hellfire
- Seek Allah’s guidance and protection
Performing the Salam
The salam is the final act of the Subuh prayer, wherein you express your greetings of peace and blessings to those around you and to Allah (SWT).
To perform the salam, follow these steps:
- Turn your head to the right and say, “Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh” (Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings).
- Turn your head to the left and repeat the greeting.
- Raise your hands to your ears, with your fingers spread out and your palms facing forward.
- Say the dua for seeking forgiveness (istighfar): “Astaghfirullah” (I seek forgiveness from Allah).
- Lower your hands and place them on your thighs.
- Recite the tasbih: “Subhanallah” (Glory be to Allah) 33 times.
- Say “Alhamdulillah” (Praise be to Allah) 33 times.
- Recite the tahmid: “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is the Greatest) 34 times.
- Say “La ilaha illallah” (There is no god but Allah) 33 times.
- Say “Allahu Akbar” again, along with the intention of ending the prayer.
| Arabic | English |
|---|---|
| Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh | Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings |
| Astaghfirullah | I seek forgiveness from Allah |
| Subhanallah | Glory be to Allah |
| Alhamdulillah | Praise be to Allah |
| Allahu Akbar | Allah is the Greatest |
| La ilaha illallah | There is no god but Allah |
How To Perform Subuh Prayer
The Subuh prayer is the first of the five daily prayers performed by Muslims. It is a two-rak’ah prayer that is performed before sunrise. The following is a step-by-step guide on how to perform the Subuh prayer:
- Make wudu. Wudu is the Islamic act of purification that is performed before prayer. To perform wudu, you will need to wash your face, hands, arms, and feet.
- Face the Qiblah. The Qiblah is the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca. You can find the direction of the Qiblah using a compass or by looking at a map.
- Say the opening takbir. The opening takbir is “Allahu Akbar,” which means “God is the greatest.” You can say the takbir out loud or silently to yourself.
- Recite the Fatihah. The Fatihah is the first chapter of the Quran. You can recite the Fatihah in Arabic or in your own language.
- Recite another surah. You can recite any surah from the Quran after the Fatihah. You can recite the surah in Arabic or in your own language.
- Bow. Bow from the waist and say “Subhana Rabbiyal Adheem,” which means “Glory to my Lord, the Supreme.” You can bow for as long as you like.
- Stand up. After bowing, stand up and say “Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah,” which means “Allah hears those who praise Him.” You can stand up for as long as you like.
- Prostrate. Prostrate on the ground and say “Subhana Rabbiyal A’ala,” which means “Glory to my Lord, the Most High.” You can prostrate for as long as you like.
- Sit up. After prostrating, sit up and say “Allahu Akbar.” You can sit up for as long as you like.
- Prostrate again. Prostrate on the ground again and say “Subhana Rabbiyal A’ala” again. You can prostrate for as long as you like.
- Say the final taslim. The final taslim is “As-salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh,” which means “Peace be upon you and the mercy and blessings of Allah.” You can say the taslim out loud or silently to yourself.
People Also Ask About How To Perform Subuh Prayer
How many rakahs are in Subuh prayer?
The Subuh prayer is a two-rak’ah prayer.
What time should I pray Subuh?
The Subuh prayer should be performed before sunrise.
What is the sunnah of Subuh prayer?
The sunnah of Subuh prayer are as follows:
- To pray two additional rak’ahs before the fard rak’ahs.
- To recite the Qunut in the last rak’ah.
- To make dua after the prayer.
