6 Easy Steps to Change Well Water Filter

Image of a well water filter being changed

When your well water filter begins to show signs of wear and tear, it’s important to replace it promptly. A clogged or dirty filter can restrict water flow, reduce water pressure, and even lead to contaminated water. Changing a well water filter is a relatively simple task that can be completed in a few easy steps. By replacing your filter regularly, you can ensure that your family has access to clean, safe drinking water.

To begin, gather the necessary materials. You will need a new well water filter, a bucket, a wrench, and a pair of gloves. Turn off the water supply to your well and open a faucet to release any remaining water pressure. Next, locate the filter housing. It is typically a blue or white canister located near your well pump. Use the wrench to loosen the housing and carefully remove the old filter. Inspect the housing for any dirt or debris and clean it out if necessary.

Now, insert the new filter into the housing and hand-tighten it. Use the wrench to further tighten the housing, but do not over-tighten it. Turn on the water supply to your well and check for any leaks. If there are no leaks, your new filter is now installed and ready to use. Remember to replace your well water filter every 6 to 12 months, or more often if you have a high volume of water usage.

Identifying the Type of Filter

Deciding which type of filter you need requires identifying the type of filter you already possess. Most common well water filters fall into three categories: sediment filters, carbon filters, and water softeners. Each type serves a specific purpose and may be suitable for different water problems. Understanding the characteristics and functions of each type will guide your choice.

Sediment Filters

Sediment filters, typically made of mesh or fabric, are designed to remove physical impurities like sand, silt, and rust from water. They are often used as a pre-filter to protect other filters or appliances from damage. Sediment filters come in various sizes and configurations, including cartridges, screen, and bag filters. Cartridge filters are disposable and require regular replacement, while screen and bag filters can be cleaned and reused.

Carbon Filters

Carbon filters, often made from activated carbon, are designed to remove chemical contaminants, such as chlorine, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), from water. Activated carbon has a porous structure that traps and absorbs these contaminants. Carbon filters are available in various forms, including block, granular, and powder filters. Block filters are solid carbon blocks that provide high filtration efficiency and long service life. Granular filters use loose carbon granules, offering a less efficient but more economical option. Powder filters are composed of fine carbon particles and are typically used in point-of-use applications.

Water Softeners

Water softeners, unlike sediment and carbon filters, do not remove physical or chemical contaminants. Instead, they focus on removing hardness minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium, from water. Hard water can cause scale buildup in pipes, appliances, and fixtures, leading to reduced efficiency and potential damage. Water softeners use a process called ion exchange to replace hardness minerals with sodium ions. This process results in softer water, which is easier on plumbing and appliances and more comfortable for bathing and washing.

Filter Type	Purpose	Common Contaminants Removed	Filter Media
Sediment Filter	Remove physical impurities	Sand, silt, rust	Mesh, fabric
Carbon Filter	Remove chemical contaminants	Chlorine, pesticides, VOCs	Activated carbon
Water Softener	Remove hardness minerals	Calcium, magnesium	Ion exchange resin

Safety Precautions

1. Turn off the water supply.

Before you begin working on the filter, make sure you have the water supply turned off. This will prevent water from spraying out and potentially causing damage or injury.

2. Relieve the water pressure.

Once the water supply is turned off, you need to relieve the pressure that has built up in the system. To do this, open a faucet that is located downstream from the filter. This will allow the water to drain out and reduce the pressure.

Here are some additional tips for relieving water pressure:

If possible, open a faucet that is located as close to the filter as possible. This will help to relieve the pressure more quickly.
If the faucet doesn’t open easily, you may need to use a wrench to loosen it. Be careful not to overtighten the wrench, as this could damage the faucet.
Once the faucet is open, allow the water to drain out until the pressure has been relieved.

3. Wear gloves and safety glasses.

When working on the filter, always wear gloves and safety glasses. This will protect you from any contaminants that may be present in the water and from any debris that may be generated during the filter change.

4. Work in a well-ventilated area.

When changing the filter, work in a well-ventilated area. This will help to prevent the buildup of any harmful fumes or gases.

Gathering Necessary Tools and Materials

To effectively change a well water filter, it is crucial to gather all the necessary tools and materials beforehand. This will prevent unnecessary interruptions or delays during the process. Here’s a comprehensive list of what you’ll need:

Essential Tools

Adjustable wrench or spanner: For tightening and loosening filter connections.
Bucket or basin: To collect water during filter removal and installation.
Filter wrench (optional): For removing filter cartridges that are difficult to unscrew by hand.
Plumber’s tape: To seal filter connections and prevent leaks.
Safety glasses: To protect your eyes from any water splashes.

Replacement Filter and Materials

New well water filter cartridge: Ensure it is the correct size and type for your system.
O-rings (if required): Some filter cartridges may require new O-rings to ensure proper sealing.
Disinfecting solution: For cleaning the filter housing and connections before installing the new filter.
Rags or paper towels: For wiping up any spills or excess water.

Component	Quantity
Replacement filter cartridge	1
O-rings (if required)	1-2
Disinfecting solution	1 bottle
Rags or paper towels	Several

Locating the Filter Housing

Identifying the location of the well water filter housing is crucial for successful filter replacement. Follow these steps to locate the housing efficiently:

Check the Home’s Entry Point:

The filter housing is typically situated near where the well water supply enters the house. Look for a line running from the wellhead to the interior of the dwelling.

Inspect the Main Water Line:

Trace the main water line originating from the point of entry to locate the filter housing. It may be installed on this line before reaching any plumbing fixtures.

Examine the Sump Pump Area:

In houses with basement sump pumps, the filter housing may be mounted near the sump pit to treat water before it enters the home’s water system.

Consult the Homeowner’s Manual or Diagrams:

Refer to the homeowner’s manual or plumbing diagrams, if available, to find the specific location and description of the filter housing.

Contact a Professional Plumber:

If you encounter difficulties locating the filter housing, consider contacting a licensed plumber for assistance.

**Note:** The location of the filter housing may vary depending on the design and plumbing configuration of the specific home.

Removing the Old Filter

To remove the old filter, follow these steps:

1. Shut off the water supply

Locate the water shut-off valve near your well water filter system. Turn the valve clockwise to shut off water flow to the filter.

2. Relieve pressure in the filter

Open a cold water faucet in your home to release any remaining pressure in the filter system.

3. Disconnect the filter housing

Locate the filter housing and disconnect it from the water supply line. You may need to use a wrench or pliers to loosen the connections.

4. Remove the old filter

Unscrew the old filter counterclockwise from the filter housing. Be careful not to spill water that may have accumulated in the filter.

Priming the Filter

Priming the filter is a crucial step that ensures proper water flow and prevents damage to the filter. Follow these steps for effective priming:

1. Turn Off the Water Supply

Locate the main water valve or the valve specific to the well water system and turn it off. This will prevent water from flowing through the filter while you work.

2. Remove the Old Filter Cartridge

Identify the housing that contains the filter cartridge. Unscrew the housing and carefully remove the old filter cartridge. Dispose of it properly.

3. Inspect the Housing

Examine the inside of the housing for any debris or dirt. Clean it if necessary to ensure the new filter fits properly.

4. Align the Cartridge

Take the new filter cartridge and align it carefully with the grooves or ridges inside the housing. Make sure it is seated correctly.

5. Replace the Housing

Screw the housing back onto the system, ensuring it is hand-tight. Do not overtighten, as it can damage the housing.

6. Open the Cold Water Faucet

Locate the nearest cold water faucet and turn it on slightly. This will allow air to escape from the system.

7. Slowly Turn on the Water Supply

Gradually open the main water valve or the valve specific to the well water system. Monitor the water flow from the faucet for a few minutes. If there are no leaks or unusual noises, the filter is primed and ready for use.

Flushing the Water System

After replacing the filter, it’s essential to flush the water system to remove any trapped air or sediment. Here are the steps involved:

1. **Turn off the water supply:** Locate the main water valve and turn it off to prevent water from flowing through the system while flushing.

2. **Flush the cold water faucets:** Open all cold water faucets in the house one at a time, starting with the lowest faucet. Run water for 5-10 minutes or until it runs clear.

3. **Flush the hot water faucets:** Open all hot water faucets in the house one at a time, starting with the lowest faucet. Run water for 5-10 minutes or until it runs clear.

4. **Flush the water softener:** If you have a water softener, follow the manufacturer’s instructions to flush it. This will remove trapped air and sediment.

5. **Flush the drinking water tap:** Open the drinking water tap in the kitchen or bathroom and let water run for 5-10 minutes to remove any residual sediment.

6. **Flush the water storage tank:** If you have a water storage tank, follow the manufacturer’s instructions to flush it. This will remove any trapped air or sediment.

7. **Flush the outdoor faucets:** Open all outdoor faucets and let water run for 5-10 minutes to remove any trapped air or sediment.

8. **Check for leaks:** After flushing, carefully check all faucets, pipes, and connections for any leaks. If you notice any leaks, tighten the connections or contact a plumber for assistance.

Testing the Water Quality

Before replacing your well water filter, it’s essential to test the water quality to determine the presence and levels of contaminants. This will help you identify the appropriate type of filter and ensure it effectively addresses the specific water issues.

Water Testing Options

There are various water testing options available:

DIY Water Test Kits: These kits provide a quick and inexpensive way to measure basic water parameters such as pH, chlorine, nitrates, and iron.
Certified Water Testing Laboratories: Professional water testing services offer comprehensive analysis, including testing for heavy metals, bacteria, and other contaminants that may not be detectable through DIY kits.

Interpretation of Results

Once you receive the water test results, compare them to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or local water quality standards to determine if the water meets safety regulations. Pay attention to parameters that exceed acceptable levels, as these indicate the contaminants that your new filter should target.

Table of Common Water Contaminants and Recommended Filter Types

Contaminant	Recommended Filter Type
Chlorine	Activated carbon filter
Iron	Iron removal filter (e.g., greensand filter)
Bacteria	Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection system
Sediment	Sediment filter (e.g., cartridge or screen filter)
Heavy Metals (e.g., lead)	Reverse osmosis system

Troubleshooting Tips

If you’re experiencing problems with your well water filter, here are a few troubleshooting tips:

1. Check if the filter is properly installed.
– Make sure the filter is seated correctly in the housing, and that the O-rings are in place.
– Check for any leaks around the housing.
2. Check if the filter is clogged.
– If the filter is clogged, it will need to be replaced.
– You can check the filter’s pressure gauge to see if it’s clogged.
3. Check if the water pressure is too low.
– If the water pressure is too low, the filter may not be able to function properly.
– You can check the water pressure by using a water pressure gauge.
4. Check if the filter is the right size for your system.
– If the filter is too small, it will not be able to remove all of the contaminants from your water.
– If the filter is too large, it will restrict the flow of water.
5. Check if the filter is compatible with your water.
– Some filters are not compatible with certain types of water.
– You should check the filter’s specifications to see if it’s compatible with your water.
6. Check if the filter is old.
– Filters need to be replaced regularly.
– The frequency with which you need to replace your filter will depend on the type of filter you have and the quality of your water.
7. Check if the filter is damaged.
– If the filter is damaged, it will need to be replaced.
– You can check the filter for any cracks or tears.
8. Check if the water is cloudy or discoloured.
– If the water is cloudy or discoloured, it may be a sign that the filter is not working properly.
– You should replace the filter and see if the problem persists.
9. Check if the water has a bad taste or smell.
– If the water has a bad taste or smell, it may be a sign that the filter is not working properly.
– You should replace the filter and see if the problem persists.
10. If you have tried all of these troubleshooting tips and you are still having problems with your well water filter, you may need to call a professional.

How To Change Well Water Filter

Step 1: Gather your supplies.

You will need the following supplies to change your well water filter:

New well water filter
Wrench
Bucket
Cloth

Step 2: Turn off the water supply.

Locate the main water shut-off valve for your home and turn it off. This will prevent water from flowing into the filter while you are changing it.

Step 3: Relieve the water pressure.

Open a faucet in your home to allow the water pressure to escape. This will make it easier to remove the old filter.

Step 4: Remove the old filter.

Use the wrench to loosen the nuts that hold the old filter in place. Once the nuts are loose, you can remove the filter by hand.

Step 5: Install the new filter.

Place the new filter in the housing and tighten the nuts until they are snug. Do not overtighten the nuts, as this could damage the filter.

Step 6: Turn on the water supply.

Slowly turn on the main water shut-off valve. Check the filter for leaks. If there are any leaks, tighten the nuts until the leaks stop.

Step 7: Flush the filter.

Run water through the filter for 5-10 minutes to flush out any loose particles. This will help to ensure that your water is clean and safe to drink.